假如我们在太阳系的每一个行星都呆一天,会怎样?| 双语阅读

  • What if 假如。。。会怎样
  • you spent a day 你呆一天
  • on every planet 在每一个行星上
  • in our solar system 在我们的太阳系中?
  • Body-crushing pressure, 可以将你的身体压碎的气压
  • toxic atmospheres, 有毒大气
  • unbearable temperatures, 无法忍受的温度
  • that’s what would be in store for you 这些都肯定会被你碰到
  • if you visited other planets 如果你去拜访其他地球以外的行星
  • in our solar system 在我们的太阳系中.
  • What other hazards 还有其他什么大麻烦
  • would you encounter? 你会碰上?
  • Which planet 哪一颗行星
  • would be 会是
  • the safest? 最安全的?
  • What planet 哪一颗行星
  • would be 会是
  • the most dangerous? 最危险的?
  • And, 还有
  • how long 多久
  • could you survive 你能存活
  • on any of them? 在其中某一颗上面
  • Before you get started on your journey 在你开始这一趟行程之前,
  • through the solar system, 去穿越我们的太阳系
  • you should 你应该
  • pack a bottle of water 先在背包里放一瓶水.
  • Earth is the only planet 地球是唯一一颗行星
  • known 目前为止已知
  • to have consistent bodies of liquid water 有连续的液态水
  • on its surface. 在其表面
solar system planets
planet surface conditions
planet atmosphere
planet temperature
gas giant
outer planets
planet rings
space exploration

八颗行星,逐个来看 — Planet by Planet

太阳系有八颗行星。每一颗都是独一无二的世界。如果你能在每颗行星上各待一天,你会经历什么?我们来逐一看看。

The solar system has eight planets. Each one is a unique world. What would you experience if you spent one day on each? Let’s go through them one by one.

水星 Mercury

  • Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun. 水星是距太阳最近的行星。
  • It has almost no atmosphere. 水星几乎没有大气层。
  • A single day on Mercury lasts 59 Earth days. 水星上的一天,相当于地球上的59天。
  • Daytime temperatures can reach 430°C. 白天温度可高达摄氏430度。
  • At night, they drop to -180°C. 夜间,温度骤降至零下180摄氏度。
  • Without an atmosphere, there is nothing to trap the heat. 没有大气层,热量根本无法被保留下来。
  • You would also be bombarded by solar radiation. 你还会遭受太阳辐射的猛烈袭击。
  • Survival time without a spacesuit: less than 2 minutes. 没有宇航服的情况下,你的存活时间不到两分钟。
  • Surprisingly, Mercury is not the hottest planet — Venus is. 出乎意料的是,水星并不是最热的行星——金星才是。

金星 Venus

  • Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system. 金星是太阳系中温度最高的行星。
  • Its surface temperature stays around 465°C — hot enough to melt lead. 地表温度维持在465摄氏度左右——足以熔化铅块。
  • The atmosphere is 96% carbon dioxide. 大气层96%是二氧化碳。
  • Atmospheric pressure on Venus is 92 times that of Earth. 金星上的大气压是地球的92倍。
  • It rains sulfuric acid in the upper atmosphere. 高层大气中下的是硫酸雨。
  • You would be crushed, cooked, and dissolved at the same time. 你会同时被压碎、煮熟,然后被腐蚀溶解。
  • Survival time without a spacesuit: less than one second. 没有宇航服的存活时间:不到一秒钟。

地球 Earth — 唯一的家 The Only Home We Have

  • Earth is the only planet known to support life. 地球是目前已知唯一能支持生命存活的行星。
  • It has liquid water, breathable air, and the right temperature. 它有液态水、可以呼吸的空气,以及适宜的温度。
  • The ozone layer protects us from harmful solar radiation. 臭氧层保护我们免受有害太阳辐射的伤害。
  • We often take this for granted. 我们常常把这一切视为理所当然。
  • Earth: estimated survival time = a full lifetime — if we take care of it. 地球上的估计存活时间 = 整整一辈子——前提是我们好好爱护它。

火星 Mars

  • Mars is the most Earth-like planet in the solar system. 火星是太阳系中最像地球的行星。
  • A Martian day lasts 24 hours and 37 minutes — very close to Earth’s. 火星的一天是24小时37分钟——和地球非常接近。
  • Average surface temperature is about -60°C. 地表平均温度约为零下60摄氏度。
  • The atmosphere is 95% carbon dioxide — you cannot breathe it. 大气层95%是二氧化碳——你根本无法呼吸。
  • Massive dust storms can cover the entire planet for months. 巨大的沙尘暴可以覆盖整颗星球,持续数月。
  • Scientists believe there may be liquid water underground. 科学家认为,火星地下可能存在液态水。
  • Mars is the planet humans are most likely to visit one day. 火星是人类最有可能在未来某天登陆的行星。
  • Survival time without a spacesuit: about 2 minutes due to low pressure. 没有宇航服,因为气压太低,你大约能存活两分钟。

木星 Jupiter

  • Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. 木星是太阳系中最大的行星。
  • It is so large that all other planets could fit inside it. 它大到足以把太阳系中所有其他行星都装进去。
  • Jupiter is a gas giant — it has no solid surface to stand on. 木星是一颗气态巨行星——没有你可以站立的固体表面。
  • You would sink through layers of increasingly dense, crushing gas. 你会沉入越来越浓密、压力越来越大的气体层中。
  • Winds on Jupiter can reach 600 km/h. 木星上的风速可达每小时600公里。
  • The Great Red Spot is a storm that has been raging for over 350 years. 大红斑是一场已经持续了超过350年的风暴。
  • Jupiter has at least 95 known moons. 木星有至少95颗已知卫星。
  • One of them, Europa, may have a liquid ocean beneath its icy surface. 其中一颗叫木卫二,它的冰壳之下可能存在液态海洋。

土星 Saturn

  • Saturn is famous for its spectacular ring system. 土星以壮观的光环系统而闻名。
  • The rings are made of billions of pieces of ice and rock. 土星环由数十亿块冰块和岩石碎片组成。
  • Like Jupiter, Saturn is a gas giant — there is no solid ground. 和木星一样,土星是气态巨行星——没有坚实的地面。
  • Winds can reach 1,800 km/h. 风速可高达每小时1800公里。
  • Saturn is the least dense planet in the solar system. 土星是太阳系中密度最低的行星。
  • In theory, it could float in water — if you had an ocean large enough. 从理论上说,它可以浮在水面上——前提是你有一片足够大的海洋。
  • A single day on Saturn lasts only about 10.5 hours. 土星上的一天只有大约10.5个小时。

天王星 Uranus

  • Uranus is the coldest planet in the solar system. 天王星是太阳系中最冷的行星。
  • Temperatures can drop as low as -224°C. 温度可低至零下224摄氏度。
  • Uranus rotates on its side — its axial tilt is about 98 degrees. 天王星是侧躺着旋转的——它的自转轴倾斜约98度。
  • Because of this, one pole faces the Sun for 42 years at a time. 因此,它的一个极点会连续42年面对太阳。
  • Uranus is an ice giant, made mostly of water, ammonia, and methane. 天王星是一颗冰巨星,主要由水、氨和甲烷构成。
  • It has 13 known rings and 28 known moons. 它有13个已知的光环和28颗已知的卫星。
  • Uranus is the only planet in our solar system that rotates on its side. 天王星是太阳系中唯一侧躺旋转的行星。

海王星 Neptune

  • Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun. 海王星是距太阳最远的行星。
  • It takes Neptune 165 Earth years to orbit the Sun once. 海王星绕太阳一圈,需要165个地球年。
  • Neptune is the windiest planet in the solar system. 海王星是太阳系中风最猛烈的行星。
  • Winds can reach 2,100 km/h — faster than the speed of sound on Earth. 风速可达每小时2100公里——比地球上的音速还要快。
  • Temperatures drop to around -218°C. 温度可低至约零下218摄氏度。
  • Neptune has a massive storm system called the Great Dark Spot. 海王星有一个巨大的风暴系统,被称为”大暗斑”。
  • It was discovered in 1846 — and was first found through math, not a telescope. 海王星于1846年被发现——它是先通过数学计算预测出来的,而不是靠望远镜直接观测到的。

重点词汇 Key Vocabulary

以下是本文中出现的重要英语单词,建议记下来。

Here are the key English words from this article. Try to remember them.

  • planet 行星
  • solar system 太阳系
  • atmosphere 大气层
  • atmospheric pressure 大气压
  • surface 表面
  • temperature 温度
  • radiation 辐射
  • gravity 重力
  • orbit (n./v.) 轨道 / 绕轨道运行
  • survive 存活 / 幸存
  • encounter (v.) 遭遇 / 碰上
  • hazard 危险 / 隐患
  • spacesuit 宇航服
  • gas giant 气态巨行星
  • ice giant 冰巨星
  • ring system 光环系统
  • carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
  • sulfuric acid 硫酸
  • plummet (v.) 骤降 / 垂直下落
  • dense 浓密的 / 密度大的
  • consistent 持续稳定的
  • liquid 液态的 / 液体
  • axial tilt 自转轴倾斜

实用句型 Useful Sentence Patterns

学完单词,再来看看文章里常用的英语句式。这些句型可以用在很多场合。

Now let’s look at some useful sentence patterns from this article.

句型一 Pattern 1 — What if + subject + verb?(假设句)

  • What if you spent a day on Mars? 假如你在火星上待一天,会怎样?
  • What if there were no Moon? 假如没有月球,会怎样?
  • What if we ran out of water? 假如我们的淡水资源耗尽了,会怎样?

句型二 Pattern 2 — … is the [superlative] … in/of …(最高级)

  • Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. 木星是太阳系中最大的行星。
  • Neptune is the windiest planet in the solar system. 海王星是太阳系中风最大的行星。
  • Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system. 金星是太阳系中最热的行星。

句型三 Pattern 3 — would + verb(虚拟语气,表示假设的结果)

  • You would be crushed instantly. 你会立刻被压碎。
  • Temperatures would plummet to -224°C. 温度会骤降至零下224摄氏度。
  • You would sink through layers of dense gas. 你会沉入层层浓密的气体之中。

句型四 Pattern 4 — known to + verb(已知能够…)

  • Earth is the only planet known to support life. 地球是已知唯一能支持生命的行星。
  • Earth is the only planet known to have liquid water on its surface. 地球是已知唯一在地表有液态水的行星。

延伸资源 Further Resources

这篇文章的内容来自一段英语科普视频。你可以在 YouTube 上搜索 “What if you spent a day on every planet”,找到原视频。一边看视频里的画面,一边对照本文的双语内容,学习效果会更好。

This article is based on a popular science video. Search YouTube for “What if you spent a day on every planet” to find it. Watching the video while reading this bilingual text will help you learn the vocabulary much faster.

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